Unleashing the Power of 5G: A Revolution in Connectivity

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The 5^th generation mobile network, 5G, is poised to transform the way we connect, communicate, and interact with technology. With its lightning-fast speed, ultra-low latency, and massive network capacity, 5G promises to revolutionize industries, drive innovation, and unlock new possibilities. In this article, we’ll learn what 5G is, its key features, and its potential impact on our world.

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What is 5G?

5G is the fifth generation of mobile networks, succeeding the current 4G/LTE technology. It represents a significant leap forward in connectivity, offering faster speeds, low latency, and greater capacity than ever before. While 4G enabled the rise of mobile Internet and transformed how we use our smartphones, it is set to take this to a whole new level.



Key features of 5G:

1) Speed: 5G promises blazing fast download and upload speeds, reaching up to 20 gigabytes per second (20 GB/PS). To put this into perspective, downloading a high-definition movie that took minutes on 4G will now take mere seconds on 5G.

2) Low Latency: 5G dramatically reduces latency, the time it takes for data to travel from the sender to the receiver and back again. With latency as low as milliseconds, 5G enables real-time communication and supports applications such as remote surgery, autonomous vehicles, and augmented reality.

3) High Capacity: 5G networks can support a massive number of connected devices simultaneously, making them ideal for Internet of Things (IOT) applications and smart cities. It can handle more data traffic with greater efficiency, ensuring a seamless and reliable user experience.


Impact of 5G:

1) Transforming industries: 5G is set to revolutionize industries such as healthcare, transportation, manufacturing, and entertainment. For example, in healthcare, it will enable remote patient monitoring, telemedicine, and even remote surgery, thanks to its low latency and high reliability.

2) Smart Cities: 5G will power the development of smart cities, enabling innovations such as smart grids, autonomous transportation systems, and connected infrastructure.

3) Enhanced Mobile Experiences: 5G will provide users with faster download speeds, smoother streaming, and a more responsive gaming experience on their mobile devices.


Current 5G development:

1) Global Rollout: 5G development is underway worldwide, with many countries already launching commercial 5G networks. According to the Global Mobile Suppliers Association (GSA), as of April 2024, there are 176 commercial 5G networks deployed across 72 countries.

2) Adoption Rate: The adoption of 5G is expected to accelerate rapidly in the coming years. By 2026, it is projected that there will be 3.5 billion 5G connections globally, covering approximately one-third of the world’s population.

Challenges and Concerns:

1) Infrastructure: The rollout of 5G requires significant infrastructure investment, including installing new antenna base stations and fiber optic cables.
This may take time and could be costly, particularly in rural and remote areas.

2) Security: As with any new technology, there are concerns about security and privacy. With more devices connected to the internet, there is an increased risk of cyber-attacks and data breaches. It is essential to implement robust security measures to safeguard against potential threats.

3) Digital Divide: There are concerns that the benefits of 5G may not be equally distributed, leading to a widening of the digital divide between urban and rural areas, as well as between developed and developing countries. Efforts must be made to ensure that everyone has access to affordable and reliable 5G connectivity.

Conclusion:


5G represents a significant milestone in the evolution of mobile technology, offering unprecedented speed, reliability, and connectivity. With its transformative potential, 5G will drive innovation and economic growth and improve how we live and work. While there are challenges to overcome, the promise of 5G is too great to ignore, and its impact is sure to be felt for years to come. As we embark on this new era of connectivity, the possibilities are endless, and the future is brighter than ever before.

— Team Yuva Aaveg

(Akhileshwar Maurya)

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"India Sizzles: Hottest Summer on Record Grips the Nation!"

 "Disclaimer: While we strive to provide accurate information, please note that the content of this blog is based on available data and personal observations. Weather patterns can vary, and individual experiences may differ. We advise readers to consult official sources and exercise caution when interpreting weather-related information. Additionally, this blog does not claim to provide professional meteorological advice. Readers should rely on certified meteorologists and official weather forecasts for authoritative guidance."

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Warning! Our country (India) is heating up. Right now, India is hotter than Saudi Arabia, Oman, Sudan, Africa, and many other countries. The heat wave is a national emergency for our nation. And the summer season has just started. This year is going to be India’s hottest summer season, but in this blog, we’ll not only discuss the threat but also the solutions. Let’s start with the first concern:

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1. The heat is expensive. The sun’s heat makes India poor, literally. It sounds weird, but it is true because even today, 75% of India's population (3 out of 4) does physical labor-related work. They farm, construct buildings, set up stalls on the roadside, and sell some stuff. And this work is done during the afternoon when it's scorching heat. Similarly, 75% of India is dependent on the unorganized sector, which contributes 1/3^rd of our country’s GPD due to heat productivity dropping by 5–10%. You feel dehydrated and get tired quickly. So if India can’t work because of heat, how will it move ahead? You and I are privileged that we’re safe from this heat in our homes, schools, colleges, and offices. We only have to face heat while traveling, but think about these laborers. A report by McKinney says that 20 crore people in India could be affected by the heat wave. The figures say that by 2030, the impact of this productivity loss on GDP will be between 2.5% and 4.5%. That is $126 billion every year. Our central government spends about 2% of our GDP on education every year. If we can save all the losses from heat waves and allocate all that money saved for education, our education budget will double every year. That is, by avoiding economic losses, the government knows all these concerns, but if the environment becomes our priority, then things can change for the better. That is, where we see the dream of making India a developed nation by 2047, those dreams will remain just dreams. Climate change is a reality.

Sonam Wangchuk sir has been protesting in Ladakh, telling everyone the same, for the last two months. But instead of addressing his protest, his voice is being suppressed using Section 144. This is a sad reality in our country, which will be our biggest mistake if we ignore it because the climate is quite unbiased. It doesn’t matter if you're left-wing or right-wing; it doesn’t matter which political party you vote for or which religion you follow. Climate only looks at facts. And the fact is that India is the third-most vulnerable country in the world. India will be the

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Copyright- Press Trust Of India

^3rd most impacted country due to climate change. More than any rank, this rank should be given more importance, but we do have AC. We thought that if there was hot weather, we would turn on our AC's, but AC doesn’t reduce heat; it increases it. Why? Because AC runs on electricity and most of the electricity in India is made by thermal plants using coal, which releases carbon during combustion and also increases pollution in the environment, Let's look at the data of the International Energy Association. In their World Energy Report 2023, there are many interesting insights about the uses of AC. In India, 24 out of 100 homes have an AC. In America, 85 out of 100 homes have an AC, and in China’s urban areas, there is almost an AC in every house. By 2050, AC units in use will increase by 9 units. In fact, this report says that by 2050, our power demand for AC will be greater than that of Africa. Using an AC is a short-term solution, but in the long term, it’s a problem that can cost us. Now let's discuss heat waves.

Source- Drishti IAS

 2. What is a heat wave? Heat waves form when a high-pressure situation is created in the Earth’s atmosphere. Due to the high pressure in the upper atmosphere, winds get trapped towards the ground, and the heat that the ground reflects gets trapped in that area and cannot get out of that area. Winds can't come into this high-pressure area, and the heat also gets trapped. It's kind of like a pressure cooker. A heat wave is not a season like winter, summer, monsoon, rain, etc. A heat wave is a condition. A heat wave is declared only when the temperature goes above a particular limit, as per the IMD (Indian Meteorological Department). For plains, it is 5 degrees above the main temperature or crosses 40 degrees. In hilly areas, it is 5 degrees above the main temperature or crosses 35 degrees. In coastal areas, temperatures rise by 5 degrees above the mean or exceed 37 degrees. The economy is linked to people's productivity. It is connected to happiness, and people’s happiness is connected to the temperature. We have to think about how the changing environment is affecting our mood, productivity, and economy. All these things are connected. This is the truth. According to a study, the temperature of modern buildings is 5-7 degrees higher than in old areas. You must have seen such houses in many big cities where many people can’t afford a roof, so they put up a metal roof. 37% of Mumbai’s houses are like this. You can clearly see on Mumbai’s map that in Arey Forest, there is a very low temperature, and where the trees are less, the temperature increases. This is called the urban heat island effect. Now we talk about the solutions.

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Copyright- Design Rage

3. If we have to beat the rising temperature in India, then we have to stop blindly copying Western ideas. We perfectly learn those things from the West, which we shouldn’t. For example, in New York, we saw that there were very tall glass buildings. This creates the thought in our minds that if we want to achieve corporate success, we should work for those companies. And thus, the same was copied and followed in India. Do you realize how stupid this is??
The average temperature in the summer in New York is 27 degrees Celsius, whereas in Mumbai it is 35 degrees Celsius. That means Mumbai is hot, humid, and tropical. And in winter, it snows in New York, but what difference is made if there are glass buildings in Mumbai? At the same time, two suns are formed. The glass buildings reflect the sunlight and create a double sun effect, which means double light and double heat. In cities like Mumbai, where there are only two seasons: summers and extreme summers, isn’t glass building a stupid idea? The people working in that glass building experience this phenomenon while traveling, yet they don’t even realize it. Because copying the Western has now become fashionable, who are we copying? A society that gives us stale food under the garb of “fast food" A society that wraps bananas in plastic so the fruit doesn’t spoil It would have been a great idea if bananas had a natural cover so that they always remained fresh. Those who respect nature so much that they cut down trees and make tissue papers of them and use it to clean their shite even though there is sufficient water and it is easily available. We have a lot to learn from the West and much more to unlearn. If we have to copy, then why can't we copy Singapore? Their climate is similar to ours, which also has space problems. In our gurukul system, children were taught to plant 1 peepal tree, 1 tamarind tree, 3 amla trees, and 5 mango trees. A mango tree produces 271 tons of oxygen in its entire lifetime and absorbs 81 tons of carbon. It’s the same amount of carbon that five ACs emit if they are used for 100 hours. If you are one of the 1% who agreed with this blog, please don’t forget to share it and also spread awareness about it.

— Team Yuva Aaveg

(Mayank)

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Story of Sergei K. Krikalev

 

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Sergei Konstantinovich Krikalev was born on August 27, 1958, in Leningrad, USSR (now St. Petersburg, Russia).

He graduated from high school in 1975, pursued mechanical engineering at the Leningrad Mechanical Institute, and received his degree in 1981, now at St. Petersburg Technical University (now called Baltic State Technical University).

After graduating from the university, he joined NPO Energia, the Soviet industrial organization responsible for manned space flight activities.

He enjoyed swimming, skiing, cycling, aerobatic flying, and amateur radio operations, particularly from space (callsign U5MIR).

He joined NPO Energia, the Russian industrial organization responsible for crewed space flight activities. He tested space flight equipment, developed space operations methods, and participated in ground control operations.

His mother wanted him to become a doctor, but Sergei was small, determined, and interested in pursuing his dream of cosmonaut.

When the Salyut 7 space station failed in 1985, he worked on the rescue mission team, developing procedures for docking with the uncontrolled station and repairing the station’s onboard system.

Krikalev was selected as a cosmonaut in 1985. He completed his basic training and was assigned to the Buran program, the USSR’s space shuttle, in 1886, but it was canceled in 1993.

He started training for the first long-duration flight aboard the Mir space station. Soyuz TM-7 was launched on November 26, 1988, with Krikalev as Flight Engineer, Alexander Volkov as Commander, and French astronaut Jean-Loup Chretien.

Krikalev returned safely to earth on 27 April 1989 after spending the next 152 days aboard Mir.

In April 1990, Krikalev started preparing for his second flight as a backup crew member for the eighth long-duration Mir mission, which also included five EVAs and a week of Soviet-Japanese operations.

Krikalev began training for the ninth Mir mission, which included training for ten EVAs in December 1990

Krikalev was selected as flight engineer, Commander Anatoly Artsebarsky, and British astronaut Helen Sharman by Soyuz TM- 12, launched on May 19 May 1991.

Krikalev is sometimes called “the last Soviet citizen.”

Krikalev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, the Order of Lenin, the French title of L’Officier de la Légion d’Honneur, and the new title of Hero of Russia for his space flight experience

He also received the NASA Space Flight Medal in 1994 and another in 1998.

Asteroid 7469 Krikalev is named in his honor.

Krikalev regularly communicated with various amateur radio operators (hams) across the globe throughout his various missions aboard Mir. Krikalev and amateur radio operator Margaret Iaquinto formed a particularly lengthy relationship.

Krikalev and Iaquinto communicated successfully about personal matters and political affairs via packet radio for the first time in history between an orbiting space station and an amateur radio operator.

Krikalev was in space when the Soviet Union was dissolved on 26 December 1991. The Baikonur Cosmodrome and the landing area were located in the newly independent Kazakhstan, and there was a great deal of unreliability about the destiny of his mission. He remained in space, spending 311 days more than twice as long as initially planned.  Because Krikalev spent so much time in space, it caused him to be 0.02 times younger than other people born simultaneously due to traveling at high velocities and slowing down the clock. He returned to Earth on 25 March and is sometimes called scrutinized the "last Soviet citizen." These events are documented and examined in Romanian filmmaker Andrei Ujică's 1995 documentary Out of the Present. Krikalev's story also inspired the 2017 film Sergio & Sergei, directed by Ernesto Daranas.

He was awarded four NASA medals, the Order of the Rising Sun, 3rd degree (Japan) and he is an officer of the Legion of Honor (France). 

 

Mr. Krikalev is a Member of the National aerobatic team and a World Champion and a European champion on glider aerobatic.

According to the media news, In 1991, veteran cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev undertook a routine mission to the Mir space station, unaware that he was on the edge  of viewing historic events unfold from the extraordinary vantage point of space but Krikalev's mission coincided with the Soviet Union's dramatic collapse.

As per the news outlet, this disturbance and turbulence  consequenced on a delayed return for Krikalev.

The extension of returning of Karikalev create lots of  challenges. Microgravity took a toll on Krikalev's physical health, leading to muscle and bone weakening. Social isolation and disrupted communication from a changing Earth added to the psychological strain.

Krikalev returned to a completely different world after 10 months and 5,000 Earth orbits. The Soviet Union was gone and replaced by newly independent states.

Sergei Krikalev's space mission wasn't just about scientific research. He became a global symbol of human connection during a time of political chaos.

According to BBC-quoted space historian Kathleen Lewis, Krikalev's down-to-earth conversations with people on Earth via the space station's radio fostered a special connection. Lewis said these radio chats created a network of informal contacts around the world, making Krikalev a popular figure despite the extraordinary circumstances of his extended mission.

— Team Yuva Aaveg

(Avantika)

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Navigating the Controversies: Understanding the Citizenship Amendment Act(CAA)

 

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       In a significant move, the Indian government has finally put into effect the long-debated Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA). Although passed by parliament back in 2019, the law remained dormant until this recent announcement. The CAA, which had sparked widespread protests across the nation five years ago, is now being implemented amidst a charged political climate.

The contentious nature of the CAA stems from allegations of an anti-Muslim bias. Critics argue that the law discriminates against certain religious minorities, while supporters maintain that it is essential for addressing the plight of persecuted communities. As the country gears up for national elections, Prime Minister Narendra Modi faces the challenge of navigating this sensitive issue while seeking a third term in office.

The implementation of the CAA is poised to shape India’s socio-political landscape, and its impact will reverberate far beyond its legal provisions. As citizens grapple with questions of identity, inclusion, and justice, the CAA remains a focal point of debate and dissent.

 

54.1 What is the Citizenship Amendment Act in India?-

   The Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), passed by the Indian Parliament in December 2019, is an amendment to the Citizenship Act of 1955. Before the CAA, foreign nationals seeking Indian citizenship through naturalization needed to reside in India for 11 years. However, the CAA expedited the process for certain religious minorities who fled religious persecution in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan before December 31, 2014. These eligible minorities include Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis, and Christians. They become eligible for Indian citizenship within 5 years, even if they are currently residing in India without valid visas or other required paperwork.

 

54.2 The Controversy Surrounding Muslim Asylum Seekers-

     Unlike the previous citizenship law, the CAA does not extend the same eligibility to Muslims from neighboring countries. This exclusion has ignited controversy and led to protests, as it introduces India’s first religion-based citizenship criterion. Critics argue that this selective approach undermines the secular fabric of India’s democracy.

 

54.3 Pathways to Faster Citizenship-

The CAA provides accelerated pathways to Indian citizenship for eligible minorities:

●       Indian Citizenship by Birth (Section 3):

○        Born in India between 26/01/1950 and 01/07/1987: Irrespective of parents’ nationality.

○       Born in India between 01/07/1987 and 03/12/2004: Eligible if either parent is an Indian citizen.

○       Born in India on or after 03/12/2004: Both parents must be Indian citizens or one parent must be an Indian citizen, and the other not an illegal migrant.

 

●       Indian Citizenship by Descent (Section 4):

○       Foreign nationals can acquire Indian citizenship by fulfilling eligibility criteria and submitting an application.

 

●       Indian Citizenship by Naturalization (Section 6):

○       Foreign nationals (not illegal immigrants) can obtain Indian citizenship after residing in India for a specified period and meeting other requirements.

 

54.4 Public Response and Controversy-

   The CAA has sparked widespread protests and debates. Critics argue that it discriminates based on religion, while supporters emphasize its intent to protect persecuted minorities. The law’s impact on India’s social fabric and international relations continues to be a subject of discussion.

 

 54.5 Conclusion-

  In conclusion, the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) of India represents a nuanced response to the humanitarian imperative of providing sanctuary to persecuted religious minorities. The CAA aims to offer a legal pathway for citizenship to specific religious minorities who have faced persecution in neighboring countries, including Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis, and Christians primarily from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. Importantly, the act does not seek to revoke citizenship from any existing Indian citizens, regardless of their religious affiliations. It underscores India’s commitment to religious freedom and equality, aligning with the nation’s ethos of inclusivity and compassion. Despite controversies and misconceptions, understanding the CAA’s genuine intent is crucial in navigating the discourse surrounding it.

— Team Yuva Aaveg

(Praveen Kumar Maurya)

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