ISRO has been achieving remarkable feats in
space exploration, such as Chandrayaan-3 and Aditya L1 missions. On 17 February
2024, it added another feather to its cap by launching INSAT-3DS, a
meteorological satellite, with the help of GSLV F14 rocket. The rocket, which
was once nicknamed “naughty boy” due to its many failures, has now become a
“mature, obedient and disciplined boy”, according to the officials.
Funded entirely by the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), INSAT-3DS is a
follow-on mission from the third-generation meteorological satellite series and
is poised to enhance weather forecasting and disaster warning capabilities.
Once operational, INSAT-3DS will join its predecessors, INSAT-3D and
INSAT-3DR, in providing critical data for meteorological services.
The
satellite’s advanced instruments are designed to monitor Earth’s surface and
oceans, offering invaluable insights into various spectral channels crucial for
meteorology.
S Somanath, chairman ISRO, after the launch said, “ I am very happy to announce the successful accomplishment of the mission GSLV-F14 / INSAT-3DS. The spacecraft has been injected into a very good orbit. The injection conditions were as expected and we also noted that the vehicle has performed very well. INSAT-3DS is the next generation weather satellite with improved capabilities over the present INSAT series INSAT-3D and INSAT- 3DR which are there in orbit.”
The
GSLV(Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle)-F14 rocket that launched the
INSAT-3DS satellite is a powerful and reliable launch vehicle developed by
ISRO. It has a three-stage propulsion system that consists of a solid core
stage, a liquid second stage and a cryogenic third stage. The cryogenic stage
uses liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen as propellants, which gives the rocket a
higher thrust and efficiency. The GSLV-F14 stands at an impressive height of 51.7
meters and has a liftoff mass of 420 tonnes. It is capable of launching
satellites weighing up to 2.5 tonnes into the geosynchronous transfer orbit
(GTO).
The GSLV-F14 rocket is also expected to play a vital role in future ISRO missions, such as the Chandrayaan-4 lunar mission, the Aditya-L2 solar mission and the NISAR joint mission with NASA.
The
INSAT-3DS satellite is the latest addition to the Indian National Satellite
(INSAT) system, which provides various services such as meteorology,
telecommunications, broadcasting and search and rescue. The satellite has four
payloads that are designed to monitor Earth’s surface and oceans, offering
invaluable insights into various spectral channels crucial for meteorology. The
payloads are:
●
A 6-channel imager that captures
high-resolution images of clouds, water vapor, land and sea surface
temperature, snow cover and vegetation index.
●
A 19-channel sounder that measures
the vertical profile of temperature, humidity and ozone in the atmosphere.
●
A data relay transponder that collects and
disseminates meteorological, hydrological and oceanographic data from remote
and unmanned stations.
●
A satellite-aided search and
rescue responder that relays distress signals from ships, aircrafts and other
users in distress to the rescue coordination centers.
The
INSAT-3DS satellite will join its predecessors, INSAT-3D and INSAT-3DR, which
were launched in 2013 and 2016 respectively. Together, they will augment the
meteorological services in India by providing more accurate and timely weather
forecasts, cyclone warnings, disaster management support and climate studies.
The collaborative efforts of Indian industries
have been instrumental in the satellites development showcasing the country's
growing self-reliance in space technology.
— Team Yuva Aaveg
(Praveen Kumar Maurya)
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